Atlas of Developmental Field Anomalies of the Human Skeleton

Written by one of the most consulted authorities on the subject, Atlas of Developmental Field Anomalies of the Human Skeleton is the pre-eminent resource for developmental defects of the skeleton. This guide focuses on localized bone structures utilizing the morphogenetic approach that addresses the origins of variability within specific developmental fields during embryonic development. Drawings and photographs make up most of the text, forming a picture atlas with descriptive text for each group of illustrations. Each section and subdivision is accompanied by brief discussions and drawings of morphogenetic development. Contents Introduction AXIAL SKELETON A. Skull A-1 Cranial development A-2 Face development A-3 External auditory meatus and tympanic plate development A-4 Stylohyoid chain development A-5 Skull base development B. Vertebral Column B-1 Vertebral border shifting B-2 Extra vertebral segment (transitional vertebra) B-3 Cleft neural arch B-4 Cleft atlas anterior arch B-5 Notochord defect sagittal cleft vertebra B-6 Neural tube defect spina bifida B-7 Hemivertebra--hemimetameric shifts B-8 Lateral hypoplasia/aplasia B-9 Ventral hypoplasia/aplasia B-10 Dorsal hypoplasia/aplasia B-11 Single block vertebra B-12 Neural arch complex disorders B-13 Atlas posterior/lateral bridging B-14 Multiple vertebral anomalies B-15 Sacral agenesis versus hemisacrum B-16 Enlarged anterior basivertebral foramina C. Ribs C-1 Supernumerary ribs C-2 Rib hypoplasia/aplasia C-3 Merged ribs C-4 Bifurcated ribs C-5 Other rib anomalies D. Sternum D-1 Suprasternal ossicles D-2 Mesosternum shape variations D-3 Manubrium-mesosternal joint fusion D-4 Misplaced manubrium-mesosternal joint D-5 Mesosternal hypoplasia/aplasia D-6 Sternal hyperplasia D-7 Sternal aperture D-8 Sternal caudal clefting D-9 Bifurcated sternum D-10 Pectus excavatum (funnel chest) D-11 Pectus carinatum (pigeon breast) APPENDICULAR SKELETON E. Upper limbs E-1 Clavicle development E-2 Scapula development E-3 Humerus development E-4 Radius and ulna development E-5 Carpus development E-6 Digital development F. Lower Limbs Lower limb development F-1 Innominate development F-2 Femur development F-3 Patella development F-4 Tibia and Fibula development F-5 Tarsus development F-6 Digital development