Algorithms provide a logical, concise and cost-effective approach to medical reasoning: utilizing a concise, step-by-step approach based upon clues from the history, physical examination and laboratory studies, algorithms help avoid excessive unnecessary procedures and testing.
The 3rd, revised edition of Practical Algorithms in Pediatric Endocrinology deals with practical issues of child growth, puberty, diseases of the endocrine glands, sexual differentiation, as well as aberrations of water, electrolyte, mineral and carbohydrate metabolism. Fifty-six clinical issues are covered by an algorithmic approach, breaking down long lists and tables of differential diagnosis into smaller, more manageable ones. Common clinical symptoms, signs and laboratory abnormalities are classified as they present themselves at the patient’s bedside.
This book is aimed at general practitioners and pediatricians, in particular those who are not exposed to pediatric endocrine problems on a daily basis, and at trainees in endocrinology and pediatric endocrinology as they acquire familiarity with clinical problem solving to make rational choices when facing clinical dilemmas.
CONTENTS
Growth
2
UndernutritionE. Gevers; A.D. Rogol
4
Short statureE. Gevers; A.D. Rogol
6
Growth hormone treatmentE. Gevers; A.D. Rogol
8
Tall statureE. Gevers; A.D. Rogol
10
Overweight and obesity/Infantile obesity
A.D. Rogol; E. Gevers
12
Brain irradiationA.D. Rogol; E. Gevers
Puberty
14
Precocious breast developmentin a girl
A.-S. Parent; J.-P. Bourguignon; S. Radovick
16
Precocious genital developmentin a boy
J.-P. Bourguignon; A.-S. Parent; S. Radovick
18
GynecomastiaJ.-P. Bourguignon; A.-S. Parent; S. Radovick
20
Delayed or absent testiculardevelopment
S. Radovick; J.-P. Bourguignon; A.-S. Parent
22
Delayed or absent breastdevelopment
S. Radovick; A.-S. Parent; J.-P. Bourguignon
24
Primary amenorrheaJ.-P. Bourguignon; A.-S. Parent; S. Radovick
26
Secondary amenorrhea oroligomenorrhea
S. Radovick; J.-P. Bourguignon; A.-S. Parent
28
Anovulatory disordersS. Radovick; J.-P. Bourguignon; A.-S. Parent
30
HirsutismS. Radovick; J.-P. Bourguignon; A.-S. Parent
Disorders of sex development
32
Micropenis at age 1 year to pubertyM. Ritzen; P.A. Lee
34
Micropenis in a newbornM. Ritzen; P.A. Lee
36
Intersex/virilization/hypospadiasM. Ritzen; P.A. Lee
38
Undescended testes/cryptorchidismin the newborn
P.A. Lee; M. Ritzen
40
Turner syndromeP.A. Lee; M. Ritzen
42
Klinefelter syndromeP.A. Lee; C.P. Houk
Adrenal
44
Endocrine hypertensionA. Belgorosky; G.P. Chrousos
46
HypocortisolismA. Belgorosky; G.P. Chrousos
48
Precocious pubarcheA. Belgorosky; G.P. Chrousos
50
Cushing syndromeG.P. Chrousos; A. Belgorosky
52
Congenital adrenal hyperplasiain the newborn period
A. Belgorosky; G.P. Chrousos
54
Congenital adrenal hyperplasiapresenting after the newborn period
A. Belgorosky; G.P. Chrousos
Water and electrolytes
56
PolyuriaZ. Hochberg; A.D. Rogol
58
Dehydration/hypovolemiaZ. Hochberg; A.D. Rogol
60
HypernatremiaG.P. Chrousos; A. Belgorosky
62
HyponatremiaG.P. Chrousos; A. Belgorosky
64
HyperkalemiaG.P. Chrousos; A. Belgorosky
66
HypokalemiaG.P. Chrousos; A. Belgorosky
Calcium and bone
68
HypercalcemiaD. Tiosano; R.I. Gafni
70
HypocalcemiaD. Tiosano; R.I. Gafni
72
Neonatal hypocalcemiaD. Tiosano; R.I. Gafni
74
RicketsR.I. Gafni; D. Tiosano
76
HypomagnesemiaR.I. Gafni; D. Tiosano
78
FracturesR.I. Gafni; D. Tiosano
Thyroid
80
HypothyroxinemiaS.A. Rivkees; F. Peter
82
HyperthyroxinemiaS.A. Rivkees; F. Peter
84
Congenital hypothyroidismF. Peter; S.A. Rivkees
86
Juvenile hypothyroidismF. Peter; S.A. Rivkees
88
HyperthyroidismF. Peter; S.A. Rivkees
90
Neonatal hyperthyroidismS.A. Rivkees; F. Peter
92
GoiterS.A. Rivkees; F. Peter
94
Thyroid nodules in children andadolescents
F. Peter; S.A. Rivkees
96
Thyroid carcinomaF. Peter; S.A. Rivkees
Carbohydrates
98
Hypoglycemia in the newborn andinfant
M.A. Sperling; O. Escobar; O. Pinhas-Hamiel
100
Hypoglycemia in the child andadolescent
M.A. Sperling; O. Escobar; O. Pinhas-Hamiel
102
HyperglycemiaO. Escobar; M.A. Sperling; O. Pinhas-Hamiel
104
Prediabetes and prediction ofdiabetes
O. Escobar; M.A. Sperling; O. Pinhas-Hamiel
106
Type 1 diabetes mellitusO. Pinhas-Hamiel; M.A. Sperling
108
Type 2 diabetes mellitusO. Pinhas-Hamiel; M.A. Sperling
110
Monogenic diabetes of the youngO. Pinhas-Hamiel; O. Escobar; M.A. Sperling
112
Diabetic ketoacidosisO. Pinhas-Hamiel; M.A. Sperling
114
Subject Index117
AbbreviationsAlicia Belgorosky, MD, PhD
Endocrine Service
Hospital de Pediatria Garrahan
Buenos Aires, Argentina
Jean-Pierre Bourguignon, MD, PhD
CHU Liege, University of Liege
Institut de Formation et de Recherche en
Enseignement Superieur
Liege, Belgium
George P. Chrousos, MD, PhD
University of Athens School of Medicine
‘Aghia Sophia’ Children’s Hospital
Athens, Greece
Oscar Escobar, MD
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Children’s Hospital of Pittsburgh of UPMC
Pittsburgh, Pa., USA
Rachel I. Gafni, MD
Craniofacial and Skeletal Diseases Branch, NIDCR
National Institutes of Health
Bethesda, Md., USA
Evelien Gevers, MD, PhD
The Royal London Hospital – Barts Health NHS Trust
William Harvey Research Institute
London, UK
Ze’ev Hochberg, MD, PhD
Rambam Medical Center
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
Haifa, Israel
Christopher P. Houk
Georgia Regents University School of Medicine
Augusta, Ga., USA
Peter A. Lee, MD
Pediatric Endocrinology
Penn State Hershey
Hershey, Pa., USA
Anne-Simone Parent, MD, PhD
Pediatric Endocrinology
University of Liege
Liege, Belgium
Ferenc Peter, MD, PhD, DSc
Buda Children’s Hospital and Policlinic
Budapest, Hungary
Orit Pinhas-Hamiel, MD
Safra Children’s Hospital, Sheba Medical Center
Tel Aviv University
Ramat Gan, Israel
Sally Radovick, MD
Department of Pediatrics
The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine
Baltimore, Md., USA
Martin Ritzen, MD, PhD
Department of Woman and Child Health
Karolinska Institutet
Stockholm, Sweden
Scott A. Rivkees, MD
Shands Children Hospital
Department of Pediatrics, University of Florida
Gainesville, Fla., USA
Alan D. Rogol, MD, PhD
Department of Pediatrics
University of Virginia School of Medicine
Charlottesville, Va., USA
Mark A. Sperling, MD
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine
Children’s Hospital of Pittsburg of UPMC
Pittsburgh, Pa., USA
Dov Tiosano, MD
Rambam Medical Center
Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
Haifa, Israel
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