Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy

Patients are beginning to benefit from antibody based, cellular and vaccine approaches that are effective against genetically diverse and therapy-resistance cancers. BCG immunotherapy is now being used as a first line treatment for human bladder cancer and the introduction of prophylactic vaccination against Hepatitis B and HPV cancers is starting to show positive results. Following recent FDA approval for a vaccination against prostate cancer, and optimistic results in clinical trials for a vaccine targeting cancer antigens in lung cancer, cancer immunotherapy is now significantly impacting patient clinical management. Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy provides an up-to-date and comprehensive account of cancer immunity and immunotherapy. It discusses our adaptive and innate immunity to cancer, the mechanisms underpinning our immune response, current approaches to cancer immunotherapy, and how tumour and host responses can circumvent effective anti-cancer immunity. The book examines recent results, publications and current areas of interest including 'immune editing' and the specific issues that are affecting the research and development of vaccines, providing insight into how these problems may be overcome, as viewed by world leaders in the field. Tumor Immunology and Immunotherapy will appeal to clinicians working in oncology and cancer immunotherapy, and research scientists including PhD and masters students, post-doctoral researchers and senior investigators. Robert C. Rees, Director and Professor of Tumour Biology, The John van Geest Cancer Research Centre, Nottingham Trent University, Nottingham, UK CONTENTS 1: Pedro Romero and Pierre G. Coulie: Adaptive T-cell immunity and tumor antigen recognition 2: Gail D. Sckisel, Arta M. Monjazeb, Annie Mirsoian, Anthony E. Zamora, Steven Grossenbacher, and William J. Murphy: Impact of aging and body mass on cancer immunotherapy outcomes 3: Thomas C.C. Tan, Jean-Marc Doisne and Francesco Colucci: The potential of natural killer cells in cancer immunotherapy 4: Russell Hughes and Munitta Muthana: The tumour microenvironment: the role of tumour associated macrophages in cancer progression and responses to therapy 5: Natalia Aptsiauri, Angel M. Garcia-Lora, Federico Garrido: "Hard" and "soft" loss of MHC class I expression in cancer cells 6: A.G. Dalgleish: Modulation of the adaptive immune system through chronic inflammation and T-regulatory responses 7: Pratima Sinha, Virginia Clements, Meghan Burke, Catherine Fenselau, and Suzanne Ostrand-Rosenberg: Myeloid-derived suppressor cells: immune suppressive cells that facilitate tumor progression and promote and deter cancer-associated inflammation. 8: Thomas J. Sayers and Neil A Cross: Triggering death receptors as a means of inducing tumoricidal activity 9: Jayakumar Vadakekolathu, Stephanie B. McArdle, David J. Boocock, and Amanda Miles: Identification of tumor antigens for clinical evaluation 10: Peter L. Stern and Kenneth Oguejiofor: Viral antigens as targets for prophylactic and therapeutic intervention in cancer 11: Constantin N. Baxevanis and Sonia A. Perez: HER-2/neu as a target for vaccine and antibody directed therapies 12: Matteo Bellone, Sara Martina Parigi, and Elena Jachetti: Pre-clinical evaluation of immunotherapy: the case for prostate cancer and the tramp model 13: Per thor Straten, Dave Schrama, Jürgen C. Becker and Mads Hald Andersen: Tumor-associated antigens characterized in a conceptual framework of biology, microenvironment, and therapy 14: M. Strioga and E. Tartour: Predictive biomarkers to better select patients for cancer immunotherapy 15: Karishma Rajani, Vanessa Alonso-Camino, Nicolas Boisgerault, Richard Vile: Viral platforms for expression of tumour antigens in cancer immunotherapy 16: Paul Moss: Translating research into clinical practice: lessons from the immunology and immunotherapy of haemopoietic malignancies 17: L. G. Durrant, W. Xue, L. R. Machado, R. L. Metheringham, and V. A. Brentville: DNA vaccines 18: Uzoma K. Iheagwaraa, Pamela L. Beattya, Chan Su-Wan Biancaa, Lora H. Rigattid, Ted Ross, and Olivera J. Finn: Programming the immune system through childhood infections: MUC1 Tumor Associated Antigen (TAA) as a Disease Associated Antigen (DAA) 19: Susanne Hofmann, Ghazala Khan, Viktoriya Boncheva, Jochen Greiner, and Barbara-Ann Guinn: Vaccination against myeloid leukaemias using newly defined antigens 20: Patrick A. Ott and F. Stephen Hodi: Immune-checkpoint blockade in cancer immunotherapy 21: Harpreet Singh-Jasuja, Toni Weinschenk, and Steffen Walter: Multi-peptide cancer vaccines for clinical application 22: Marco Donia, Eva Ellebæk, and Inge Marie Svane: Adoptive T-cell therapy using TILs for the treatment of metastatic melanoma 23: John S. Bridgeman and David E. Gilham: Chimeric antigen receptor gene therapy in cancer 24: Claire Deligne, Sophie Sibéril, and Jean-Luc Teillaud: The vaccinal effect of monoclonal antibodies in cancer therapy 25: Gabriele Multhoff and Michael Stanglmaier: Antibody therapies: defining appropriate cell surface epitopes for targeting tumours 26: Sophie Derniame and Aurore Saudemont: Adoptive lymphocyte (stem cell) therapy in cancer 27: Tarik Regad and Morgan G. Mathieu: Cancer Stem Cells (CSCs) and Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT): Tumor Cell Plasticity Challenges Immunotherapy 28: Ludmila Müller and Graham Pawelec: Immune escape and aging of the immune system compromises the immune response to tumor antigens