Parkinson's Disease

In recent years, considerable advances have been made in our knowledge and understanding of Parkinson's disease (PD). In particular, there has been an explosion of information regarding genetic contributions to the etiology of PD and an increased awareness of the incidence and importance of the non-motor features of the disease. Theories regarding the pathogenesis and pathophysiology of PD have also been refined, and new treatment modalities and advances have been implemented. Reflecting these changes, this second edition features new chapters devoted to genetic aspects of PD, non-motor features of the disease, as well as aspects of the pathophysiology, pathogenesis, and treatment of PD. Features Includes new chapters on non-motor features of Parkinson’s disease (PD), pathophysiology, pathogenesis, and treatment Uses visual models to simplify difficult-to-understand concepts Emphasizes therapeutics including new drugs, future therapies, and clinical trials Discusses cutting-edge research including gene and stem cell therapy Covers the clinical aspects of the treatment of both motor and non-motor aspects of PD in depth Investigates the genetic aspects of PD, and possible pathophysiologic mechanisms responsible for PD Describes non-pharmacologic treatment measures and quality-of-life issues in PD Table of Contents Overview James Parkinson Jennifer G. Goldman and Christopher G. Goetz Parkinson’s Disease: Where Have We Been? Lawrence W. Elmer Parkinson’s Disease: Where Are We? Raúl de la Fuente-Fernández Epidemiology Epidemiology of Parkinson’s Disease: An Overview Monica Korell and Caroline M. Tanner Environmental Toxins and Parkinson’s Disease Jason R. Cannon and Timothy J. Greenamyre Rural Environment and Parkinson’s Disease Daniel Strickland Industrial and Occupational Exposures and Parkinson Disease Samuel Goldman Tetrahydroisoquinolines and Parkinson’s Disease Mark S. LeDoux Endogenous Neurotoxins in the Pathogenesis and Progression of Parkinson’s Disease Shaik Shavali and Manuchair Ebadi Genetics Overview of the Genetics of Parkinsonism Mathias Toft and Zbigniew K. Wszolek α-Synuclein and Parkinson’s Disease Thomas Gasser LRRK2-Associated Parkinson’s Disease Jonathan Carr and Soraya BardienParkin-Associated Parkinson’s Disease Anne Grünewald and Christine KleinPINK1- and DJ-1-Linked Parkinsonism Eng-King Tan Genetic and Bioinformatic Tools in Parkinson’s Disease Tatiana Foroud and Nathan Pankratz Clinical Features of Parkinson’s Disease Tremor, Rigidity, and Bradykinesia Kelvin L. Chou and Howard I. Hurtig Gait Disorders in Parkinson’s Disease Yacov Balash, Jeffrey M. Hausdorff, Tanya Gurevich, and Nir Giladi Somesthesia Padraig O’Suilleabhain Pain in Parkinson’s Disease Blair Ford Restless Legs Syndrome and Periodic Limb Movements of Sleep Bryan T. Klassen and Charles H. Adler Fatigue: A Common Comorbidity in Parkinson’s Disease Anelyssa D’Abreu and Joseph H. Friedman Visual Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease Robert L. Rodnitzky Visuo-Cognitive Dysfunctions in Parkinson’s Disease Andrea Antal, Walter Paulus, and Ivan Bodis-Wollner Olfactory Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease and Parkinsonian Syndromes Katerina Markopoulou and Bruce A. Chase Insomnia and Excessive Daytime Sleepiness in Parkinson’s Disease J.A. Van Gerpen and Pablo Castillo REM Sleep Behavior Disorder Aleksandar Videnovic and Cynthia L. Comella Gastrointestinal Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease Ronald F. Pfeiffer Urological Dysfunction Carlos Singer and Henry Moore Sexual Dysfunction Cheryl Waters and Janice Smolowitz Cardiovascular Autonomic Dysfunction in Parkinson’s Disease and Parkinsonian Syndromes Valeria Iodice, David Low, Ekawat Vichayanrat, and Christopher J. Mathias Disorders of Thermoregulation in Parkinson’s Disease Thomas L. Davis Respiratory Dysfunction Holly Shill Depression in Parkinson’s Disease Steven P. Wengel, Dennis P. McNeilly, and William J. Burke Anxiety and Parkinson Disease Jeremy Quickfall, Michael Trew, and Oksana Suchowersky Apathy in Parkinson’s Disease Howard D. Weiss and Laura Marsh Dementia Anne L. Barba, B. Kelly Changizi, Donald S. Higgins, Stewart A. Factor, and Eric S. Molho Pathophysiology of Parkinson’s Disease Animal Models of Basal Ganglia Injury and Degeneration and Their Application to Parkinson’s Disease Research Giselle M. Petzinger and Michael W. Jakowec Neuroanatomy of Parkinson’s Disease Heiko Braak and Kelly Del Tredici-Braak Neuropathology of Parkinson’s Disease John E. Duda and Dennis W. Dickson Neurophysiology of the Motor Disorder in Parkinson’s Disease Gaëtan Garraux and Mark Hallett Neurochemistry of Parkinson’s Disease: Dopamine L. Charles Murrin Pathophysiology of Parkinson’s Disease, Neurochemical Pathology: Other Neurotransmitters Yoshikuni Mizuno Theories of Pathogenesis Oxidative Stress Casey Cook and Leonard Petrucelli Mitochondrial Dysfunction Daniel G. Healy and A.H.V. Schapira Excitotoxicity Fabio Blandini Inflammation Roger Kurlan Protein Conformational and Metabolic Changes in Parkinson’s Disease Kevin St. P. McNaught and C. Warren Olanow Cell Death in Parkinson’s Disease Shankar Sadasivan, Ané Korff, Ciaran J. Faherty, and Richard Jay Smeyne Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease Differential Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease Serena W. Hung and Anthony E. Lang Neuroleptic-Induced Movement Disorders Manuchair Ebadi Clinical Diagnostic Criteria for Parkinson’s Disease Daniel Tarsy and Laurie Gordon Clinical Batteries and Biomarkers in the Diagnosis of Parkinson’s Disease Claire Henchcliffe and Un Kang Rating Scales Kathleen M. Shannon MR Imaging of Parkinsonism James B. Wood Molecular Imaging in Parkinson Disease Danna Jennings, David Russell, Ken Marek, and John Seibyl Positron Emission Tomography in Parkinson’s Disease Silke Appel-Cresswell, R. Nandhagopal, John R. Adams, and A. Jon Stoessl Transcranial Ultrasound in Parkinson’s Disease Daniela Berg, Bettina Faust, and Alexandra Gaenslen In Vivo Molecular Imaging in Parkinson’s Disease Sushil K. Sharma and Manuchair Ebadi Placebo Effect in Parkinson’s Disease Jayasri Srinivasan, Sarah C. Lidstone, Raúl de la Fuente-Fernández, and A. Jon Stoessl Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease with Anticholinergic Medications Duarte Machado and Bahman Jabbari Amantadine Kelly E. Lyons and Rajesh Pahwa MAO-B Inhibitors for the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease John Bertoni Catechol-O-Methyltransferase Inhibitors in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Mervat Wahba, Theresa A. Zesiewicz, and Robert A. Hauser Symptomatic Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease: Levodopa John L. Goudreau and J. Eric Ahlskog Dopamine Agonists in Parkinson’s Disease Joseph Jankovic and Toby C. Yaltho Non-Dopaminergic Drugs for Motor Symptoms Pierre R. Burkhard and Francois J.G. Vingerhoets Stereotactic Ablative Procedures for Intractable Parkinson’s Disease Marco Sassi and Michael S. Okun Deep Brain Stimulation Surgery Ryan J. Uitti, Yashiko Baba, and Robert E. Wharen Jr. Neurotransplantation in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Penelope Hallett and Ole Isacson Role of Physical Therapy in Management of Parkinson’s Disease Rose Wichmann Speech Therapy in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Shimon Sapir, Lorraine Ramig, and Cynthia Fox Dysphagia in Parkinson’s Disease Lisa A. Newman Restorative and Functional Occupational Therapy in Parkinson’s Disease Surya Shah Neurologic Music Therapy: A Modality to Address the Diverse Needs of People with Parkinson’s Disease Sandra L. Holten Dance for Persons with Parkinson’s Disease* Olie Westheimer Pathogenesis of Motor Response Complications in Parkinson’s Disease: "Mere Conjectural Suggestions" and Beyond Leo Verhagen Metman and Christina L. Vaughan Treatment of Early Parkinson’s Disease John C. Morgan and Kapil D. Sethi Treatment of Moderate Parkinson’s Disease John E. Duda and Matthew B. Stern Management of Advanced Parkinson’s Disease Grace S. Lin Liang and James W. Tetrud Role and Design of Clinical Trials for Parkinson’s Disease Andrew Siderowf and Stanley Fahn Future Symptomatic Therapy in Parkinson’s Disease Ruth Djaldetti, Shlomit Yust-Katz, and Eldad Melamed Calcium Influx, Free Radicals, and Aging: A Metabolic Burden Linked to Neuronal Loss in Parkinson’s Disease Javier Sanchez-Padilla, Jaime N. Guzman, and D. James Surmeier Therapeutic Potential of Exercise in Parkinson’s Disease Brian K. Schilling Gene Therapy for Parkinson’s: Disease from Bench to Bedside Fredric P. Manfredsson, Aaron C. Rising, M. Angela Cenci, Carmen S. Peden, and Ronald J. Mandel Translating Stem Cell Biology to Regenerative Medicine for Parkinson’s Disease Florian A. Siebzehnrubl and Dennis A. Steindler Alternative Drug Delivery in the Treatment of Parkinson’s Disease Pierre J. Blanchet Economics of Parkinson’s Disease Jessica Mastalski, Robert G. Holloway, and Katia Noyes Informal Caregiving: An Essential Part of the Team Carmen Dyck and Susan M. Calne Driving in Parkinson’s Disease Ergun Y. Uc Evolution and Potential of the National Parkinson’s Organizations: A Brief Overview Ruth A. Hagestuen Comprehensive Parkinson’s Disease Care in Complex Environments Elaine Cohen, Monique Giroux, Ruth A. Hagestuen, and Gladys Gonzalez-Ramos Index