Deep Brain Stimulation

Deep brain stimulation (DBS) has become the major growth area for the treatment of severe Parkinson's disease, tremors and dystonia over the past 10 years. More recently, interest has begun to focus on the clinical use of DBS for the treatment of psychiatric disorders, particularly obsessive-compulsive disorders and depression. The increasing therapeutic use of DBS has created opportunities to study the pathophysiology of these diseases, by allowing intracerebral recordings to be made from patients and permitting electrical stimulation of various regions within the brain to be undertaken. This handbook provides an overview of the use of DBS for the treatment of movement disorders as well as an introduction to the developing area of DBS for the management of psychiatric disease. The first part of the book covers the varying surgical techniques involved in implanting electrodes into various deep nuclei within the brain, including the neurophysiological techniques involved in this process and the complex issue of programming the implanted stimulator in order to optimise therapeutic efficacy and minimise stimulation-induced adverse effects. The second part of the book describes how to select appropriate patients for DBS and describes the results of DBS treatment for Parkinson's disease, dystonia and various tremors, as well as psychiatric conditions. The book is intended to introduce neurologists, trainee neurologists and movement disorder specialists to the topic of DBS and will also prove valuable to nurses specializing in the management of Parkinson's disease and/or movement disorders. The book will also serve as a practical reference for psychiatrists interested in modern psychosurgery and scientists with an interest in DBS, the electrode-brain interface and the pathophysiology and neural circuitry of Parkinson's disease, tremor and dystonia. CONTENTS Part 1 - Surgical techniques 1. Subthalamic nucleus stimulation , Alim Benabid, Stephan Chabardes & Jean Francois LeBas 2. Globus pallidus stimulation , Marwan I. Hariz & Ludvic Zrinzo 3. Thalamic stimulation , Hans Speelman, Rob de Bie & Rick Schuurman 4. Zona incerta and Pediculopontine stimulation , Sadaquate Khan, Shazia Javed, Nikunj K. Patel, Puneet Plaha & Steven S. Gill Part 2 - Operative physiological techniques and post-operative stimulator programming 5. Microelectrode recording , William Hutchison 6. Macroelectrode recording , Andreas Kupsch, Andreas Kühn, Peter Brown 7. Test stimulation , Xuguang Liu 8. DBS stimulator programming , Patricia Limousin & Stephen Tisch Part 3 - DBS for movement disorders 9. Selecting appropriate Parkinson's patients for DBS , Jens Volkmann 10. The long term results of STN stimulation , W. M. Michael Schüpbach 11. The long term results of GPi stimulation , Alexander L Green, Erlick AC Pereira, Tipu Z Aziz 12. Post-STN DBS Parkinson's disease , Boulos-Paul Bejjani, Mazen Jabre, Jean-Luc Houetto 13. Selecting appropriate dystonic patient for GPi stimulation , Pettarsup M Wadia, Anthony E Lang, Elena Moro 14. The results of GPi stimulation for generalized dystonia , Sean O'Riordan 15. The results of GPi stimulation for focal dystonia , Hans-Holger Capelle, Joachim K. Krauss 16. Selecting appropriate tremor patients for DBS , Alfonso Fasano, Jan Herzog, Gunther Deuschl 17. The results of DBS for tremor , Peter Bain Part 4 - DBS for psychiatric conditions 18. DBS for Gilles de la Tourette syndrome , Jean-Luc Houeto, Boulos-Paul Bejjani & Nemat Jaafari 19. DBS for obsessive compulsive disorder , Bart Nuttin, Loes Gabriëls, Paul Cosyns, Kris van Kuyck, Marleen Welkenhuysen, Laura Luyten, Dimiter Prodanov, Amina Ahmed & John Das 20. Cingulate area 25 DBS for depression , Brian J Snyder, Clement Hamani, Andreas M Lozano Part 5 - Mathematical modelling of DBS 21. Modelling approaches to DBS , Nada Yousif & Xuguang Liu 22. Appendix: Useful links Authors, editors, and contributors Edited by Peter Bain, Reader in Clinical Neurology, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Imperial College London, UK, Tipu Aziz, Professor of Neurosurgery, Nuffield Department of Surgery, University of Oxford, UK, Xuguang Liu, Consultant in Surgical Neurophysiology, Department of Neurosciences, Imperial College London, UK, and Dipankar Nandi, Consultant Neurosurgeon, Department of Neurosciences, Imperial College Healthcare NHS Trust, London, UK Contributors:Alim Benabid, Stephan Chabardes Jean Francois LeBas Marwan I. Hariz Ludvic Zrinzo Hans Speelman Rob de Bie Rick Schuurman Sadaquate Khan Shazia Javed Nikunj K. Patel Puneet Plaha Steven S. Gill William Hutchison Andreas Kupsch Andreas Kühn Peter Brown Xuguang Liu Patricia Limousin Stephen Tisch Jens Volkmann W. M. Michael Schüpbach Alexander L Green Erlick AC Pereira Tipu Z Aziz Boulos-Paul Bejjani Mazen Jabre Jean-Luc Houetto Pettarsup M Wadia Anthony E Lang Elena Moro Sean O'Riordan Hans-Holger Capelle Joachim K. Krauss Alfonso Fasano Jan Herzog Gunther Deuschl Peter Bain Jean-Luc Houeto Nemat Jaafari Bart Nuttin Loes Gabriëls Paul Cosyns Kris van Kuyck Marleen Welkenhuysen Laura Luyten Dimiter Prodanov Amina Ahmed John Das Brian J Snyder Clement Hamani Andreas M Lozano Nada Yousif Xuguang Liu